Serum atherogenic index in migraine subtypes and disease duration

Abstract

Background: Migraine has been associated with an increased risk of vascular disease, and the atherogenic index of plasma (AIP) has been proposed as a potential marker of cardiovascular risk. However, the relationship between AIP and migraine subtypes as well as disease duration remains unclear.

Methods: This retrospective cross-sectional study included 99 patients with migraine with aura (MwA), 104 patients with migraine without aura (MwoA), and 100 healthy controls. Clinical and laboratory data were obtained from medical records. AIP was calculated as the logarithmic ratio of triglycerides to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. Correlation and partial correlation analyses were performed to assess the association between AIP and disease duration, with adjustment for age, sex, and migraine severity. Multinomial logistic regression analysis adjusted for age and sex was used to evaluate the independent association of AIP with migraine subtypes.

Results: AIP levels were significantly higher in patients with MwA compared to controls. AIP showed a significant positive correlation with disease duration in both MwoA (r=0.860, p<0.001) and MwA (r=0.751, p<0.001), and this association remained significant after adjustment for age, sex, and migraine severity. Receiver operating characteristic analysis demonstrated modest discrimination of MwA from controls (AUC=0.630, p=0.002). In multinomial logistic regression analysis adjusted for age and sex, AIP was not independently associated with migraine subtypes (MwA or MwoA).

Conclusion: AIP may be associated with migraine subtype and disease duration; however, this association was not independent after adjustment for confounding variables, and its independent predictive value appears limited.